# Causes of diseases of the cardiovascular System #
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## In The Case Of High Blood Pressure Dizziness ##
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Dizziness as a Symptom of hypertension: Pathophysiological relationships and clinical relevance
Hypertension medical arterial hypertension referred to, is one of the most common chronic diseases in modern societies. One of the possible symptoms that can occur in affected patients, dizziness (Vertigo or Dizziness). Although dizziness is not considered to be direct and compelling evidence of hypertension, there is a complex relationship between elevated blood pressure and the Occurrence of dizziness.
Pathophysiology of fraud in hypertension
The dizziness high blood pressure can be triggered by a number of pathophysiological mechanisms:
Cerebral circulation disorders: a significant increase in blood pressure (e.g. in the Form of a hypertensive crisis, with values higher than 180/120 mmHg), may affect the Autoregulation of the cerebral circulation. This leads to an above-average bleeding or in the return — to an under-supply of certain areas of the brain, which can lead to dizziness, headaches and, in severe cases, even lead to neurological deficits.
Endothelial dysfunction: Chronic high blood pressure promotes the damage of the vascular endothelium. This dysfunction may affect the fine vessels in the area of the Vestibular system for balance and spatial orientation in charge.
Drug-induced effects: Many patients with hypertension receiving antihypertensive medications (e.g., ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, diuretics). A sharp drop in blood pressure after taking (orthostatic hypotension) can cause dizziness.
Coexisting diseases: hypertension is often associated with other disorders that can cause dizziness — about Tinnitus, Diabetes mellitus, heart rhythm disorders, or middle ear disease.
Clinical evaluation and differential diagnosis
In patients with dizziness and simultaneous high blood pressure, a differentiated clarification is required. These include:
Blood pressure measurement at rest and during stress,
ECG and, possibly, long‑term ECG to exclude heart rhythm disorders,
Audiometry and Vestibulo test procedure in cases of suspected inner ear problems,
Laboratory Tests (Blood Sugar, Renal Parameters, Lipid Spectrum),
imaging techniques (e.g. MRI of the brain) in the case of atypical dizziness or neurological symptoms.
Therapeutic Approaches
The adequacy of the treatment depends on the identified cause:
In the case of hypertensive crisis, a controlled reduction in blood pressure is displayed, but without abrupt reduction in order to avoid cerebral Hypoperfusion.
Medication-induced dizziness and a dose adjustment or change of medication can be helpful.
Life style changes (reduction of salt, alcohol, and nicotine, weight reduction, regular physical activity) contribute to the stabilization of blood pressure and, consequently, to the reduction of symptoms.
Conclusion
Dizziness in patients with high blood pressure should always be taken seriously and systematically clarified. He can hang directly with the increase in blood pressure as well as with secondary mechanisms of the therapy. An individual's diagnosis and adapted to the respective Situation therapy are crucial in order to improve the quality of life of those Affected and to prevent long-term complications.
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If you have disturbed sleep, fatigue, disorientation, confusion, or nervousness, it's time to monitor your blood pressure. Either lack of sleep or too much sleeping might mean your blood pressure is high or low. If it’s left untreated, you will soon face an onslaught of multiple illnesses.
> Diuretiko (Diuretika) ay nagpapataas ng pag-ihi ng katawan, na nagreresulta sa pagbaba ng presyon ng dugo. Simpleng paliwanag: Ang tuloy-tuloy na pag-ihi ng katawan ay nagdudulot ng pagbaba ng dami ng plasma sa dugo at sa gayon ay mas kaunting likido sa mga ugat — bumababa ang presyon sa mga pader ng ugat.
<a href="http://xn--80abkcag2afepk0bt.xn--p1ai/upload/cardiovascular-biology-1525.xml">Presyong pang-promosyon</a>
I have two stents inserted in my heart and have been dealing with nerve-wracking irregular heartbeat my whole life. I decided to give Cardio Balance a try, and I thank God for it! Just after using it for a couple of weeks, my irregular heart beating became normal. I feel more ALIVE, young, and energetic. <a href="http://dientrotiendathc.com/media/ftp/urgent-diseases-of-the-circulatory-system.xml">Cardiovascular diseases of children and young people </a> Causes of diseases of the cardiovascular system
Diseases of the cardiovascular system are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Their origin is often multifactorial and results from the complex Interplay of genetic, environmental and behavioural factors. In the Following, the main causes are presented in a systematic way.
1. Modifiable Risk Factors
Of the modifiable risk factors that have a significant impact on the development of cardiovascular diseases, include:
The use of tobacco. Smoking cigarettes leads to damage of the blood vessel inner wall (endothelium), promotes atherosclerosis and increases the risk for heart attacks and stroke significantly.
An Unbalanced Diet. A diet with a high content of saturated fatty acids, TRANS-fats, salt and sugar increases the level of cholesterol (especially LDL cholesterol), promotes the development of hypertension and obesity.
A lack of exercise. A low physical activity level is associated with an increased risk for obesity, type 2 Diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. Regular physical activity strengthens the cardiovascular System and lowers the overall risk.
Overweight and obesity. A higher percentage of body fat, especially visceral fat, is associated with a chronic inflammatory response and promotes insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).
Hypertension. A permanently elevated blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg) charged to vessels of the heart and the blood, accelerates the atherosclerosis development and is a major risk factor for heart attack, heart failure, and stroke.
Dyslipidemia. An unfavorable lipid profile with elevated LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and elevated triglycerides favors the formation of hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis).
Diabetes mellitus type 2. The chronically elevated blood glucose concentration causes damage to the blood vessels and increases the risk for cardiovascular events in the two-to three-fold.
Stress and psychosocial factors. Chronic Stress, Depression, and social Isolation can increase the neuro-endocrine mechanisms (e.g., increased Catecholamine release), the cardiovascular risk.
2. Non-modifiable risk factors
Some risk factors you can't control, but must be considered in the risk assessment shall take account of:
Genetic Disposition. Familial clustering of cardiovascular disease (e.g., earlier myocardial infarction in first-degree Relatives) suggest a genetic predisposition. Single-gene disorders such as familial hypercholesterolemia are rare, but of high clinical relevance.
Age. With age, the likelihood of atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart soars error flaps due to vascular changes and abrasion processes.
Gender. Men have diseases in General are at a higher risk for early cardiovascular; after Menopause, the risk in women approaches that of men.
3. Other important factors
Sleep disorders. Obstructive sleep apnea with hypertension, arrhythmic heart rhythm disorders and increased strain on the heart hand-in-hand rule.
Infections and systemic inflammation. Chronic infections (e.g., periodontal disease) and autoimmune increase diseases, the inflammatory response in the body, and the atherosclerosis promote.
Environmental influences. Fine dust pollution and air pollution are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk.
Summary
The causes of diseases of the cardiovascular system are diverse and often interrelated. While non-modifiable factors such as age and genetics form the basis of, play modifiable life-style factors are the decisive role in prevention. A specific influence of these risk factors through a healthy lifestyle, drug therapy and regular checkups can reduce the individual risk is significant and the quality of life and expectancy significantly improve.
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## Methods of diagnosis of diseases of the cardiovascular System ##
Methods of diagnosis of diseases of the cardiovascular system
Dasernes Functioning of the cardiovascular system is essential for the health of the entire organism. Unfortunately, diseases of this system are among the most common causes of death worldwide. An early and accurate diagnosis is therefore crucial to prevent complications and to maintain the quality of life of patients.
The first Phase of the diagnosis begins with a detailed medical history and physical examination. The doctor asked the patient to discomfort, risk factors (such as Smoking, Diabetes, hypertension) and their family's pre-existing conditions. On physical examination, especially of the blood pressure, pulse, heart sounds, and possible Edema are reviewed at the body.
To further clarify various instrumental examination methods are used:
Ele electrocardiogram (ECG) is a basic method for the assessment of the electrical activity of the heart. It makes it possible to detect heart rhythm disorders, signs of a heart muscle ischemia or Infarction. The ECG is quick to perform, non-invasive and widely used.
The echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart) gives information about the structure and function of the heart: the size of the chambers, the function of the heart valves, pump performance (ejection fraction), and the Presence of fluid accumulation around the heart. This method is also non-invasive and very meaningful.
Load tests (e.g., treadmill test or Bicycle ergometry) will be performed to identify problems with the heart, the show only during physical exertion. In ECG and blood pressure during exercise are continuously monitored.
The long‑term ECG and long‑term blood pressure measurement, allow it to capture short-term or night, any faults that may remain in a single investigation undetected.
Imaging techniques play an increasingly important role:
Computer tomography (CT) for the depiction of calcification of the coronary arteries and to assess the vascular system.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart provides very detailed images of cardiac structure and function, particularly in the case of complex diseases.
The coronary angiography is the gold standard method for the diagnosis of narrowing or blockage of the heart arteries (coronary arteries). A catheter through an artery (advanced mostly in the bar or at the wrist) down to the heart, and a contrast medium is injected, the power of the blood vessels on x-ray images. This procedure is non-invasive, but often essential to the planning of a treatment (e.g., Stent Implantation or Bypass surgery).
Laboratory investigations complement the diagnosis: determination of cardiac enzymes (e.g., Troponin) in the case of a suspected heart attack, lipid spectrum to assess the risk for atherosclerosis, kidney levels and blood sugar.
Modern medicine offers a comprehensive range of diagnostic methods, which are individually matched to the patients. The combination of techniques allows for an accurate diagnosis and early initiation of Therapy. This is the key to prevention of severe consequences, and for the preservation of the quality of life of people with cardiovascular diseases.
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<a href="http://www.rakowka.pl/userfiles/mother-died-of-cardiovascular-disease-7317.xml">Cardiovascular diseases of children and young people</a> Causes of diseases of the cardiovascular System.
<a href="http://www.leskovec.eu/files/cardiovascular-biology.xml">In The Case Of High Blood Pressure Dizziness</a>
<a href="https://notes.srcf.net/s/Sip8mLveb">Methods of diagnosis of diseases of the cardiovascular System</a>
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## Cardiovascular diseases of children and young people ##
Cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents: causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in children and adolescents represent a significant health problem both in Pediatrics and in pediatric cardiology in focus. To lead though such diseases in younger patients occur less often than in adults, you can get significant health problems and in the worst case, even to life-threatening situations.
Causes and risk factors
The causes of CVD in children are diverse and can be roughly divided into two categories:
Congenital heart defects (CHF): These are the most common Form of cardiovascular diseases in childhood. They emerge during embryonic development and include Fallot abnormalities such as atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD) or complex malformations such as tetralogy.
Acquired heart diseases: To belong to this group of diseases, occurring after birth, such as:
rheumatic heart disease (a result of an untreated streptococcal infection);
Cardiomyopathies (heart muscle);
myocardial inflammation (myocarditis);
High blood pressure (hypertension), which is diagnosed in the last time as a result of Obesity and lack of physical activity is increasingly in adolescents.
Risk factors include family history, genetic syndromes (e.g., Down syndrome), prenatal infections, as well as lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet, lack of exercise and obesity.
Symptoms
The symptoms of heart disease in children varies depending on the Erkrankungstyp and severity. Typical signs are:
Pallor or cyanosis (bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes);
Shortness of breath, especially with physical exertion or when breast-feeding of infants;
decreased physical performance;
unusual heart sounds, which are not noticeable during the physical examination;
Dizziness, Loss Of Consciousness (Syncope);
Edema (water retention), and in particular on the legs or on the face;
increased heart rate (tachycardia) or irregular heart beat (arrhythmia).
Diagnostics
Early and accurate diagnosis is for the further success of the therapy is of crucial importance. Among the common diagnostic procedures:
History and physical examination: examination of symptoms and family Background, auscultation of the heart.
Eleufzeichen (ECG): recording of the electrical activity of the heart for the detection of arrhythmias or other disorders.
Echocardiography (ultrasound of the heart): imaging technique for the assessment of cardiac structure and function.
X-ray of the Thorax: to assess heart size and pulmonary circulation.
Stress testing: the evaluation of cardiac performance during physical effort.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): for a detailed presentation of the heart and blood vessels.
Therapy
The treatment approach depends on the specific disease:
Drug therapy: the use of diuretics, ACE‑inhibitors, beta-blockers or antiarrhythmic agents for the stabilization of cardiac function.
Catheter interventions: minimally invasive procedures for the repair of heart defects (e.g., closure of septal defects).
Surgical procedures: surgical correction of complex congenital heart defects, multiple steps spread over time.
Style changes: recommendations for a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and weight control, in particular in adolescents with hypertension or obesity life.
Long-term monitoring: regular follow-up by a pediatric cardiologist to detect possible complications at an early stage.
Forecast and prevention
The prognosis of CVD has improved in the last decades due to advances in diagnosis and therapy. Many children with congenital heart defects today can lead an almost normal life, when the disease is detected and treated in time. Preventive measures include education about healthy way of life, regular medical examinations and early treatment of infections that can affect the heart.
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